INTERVENSI LEAN-MED BERBASIS DATA EPIDEMIOLOGIS LOKAL DALAM MENURUNKAN WAKTU TUNGGU PASIEN RAWAT JALAN DI RUMAH SAKIT RUJUKAN SAMARINDA

Authors

  • M. Ardan Sekolah Tinggi Ilmu Kesehatan Mutiara Mahakam Samarinda, Samarinda, Indonesia
  • Ferry Fadzlul Rahman Universitas Muhammadiyah Kalimantan Timur, Samarinda, Indonesia

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.34011/jmp2k.v35i2.3133

Keywords:

epidemiology, hospital management, lean-med, outpatient services, waiting time

Abstract

Outpatient waiting time remains a persistent challenge in hospital management, especially amid rising service demands and patient expectations. This study applied a Lean Management for Healthcare Delivery (Lean-Med) intervention based on epidemiological findings, including peak visit times, patient distribution per clinic, and staff workload imbalances. A quasi-experimental pre–post design was used involving 120 respondents (60 pre- and 60 post-intervention) selected via purposive sampling across three priority clinics: internal medicine, neurology, and pulmonology. The intervention included digital queue systems, physician schedule adjustments, and pharmacy service optimization.Paired t-test analysis showed a significant reduction in total waiting time from 129 to 69 minutes (46% decrease, p < 0.001). All service components, from registration to medication retrieval, saw statistically significant reductions. Patient satisfaction improved from 3.3 to 4.2 (p < 0.001), especially regarding information clarity, waiting time, and service accuracy. Healthcare staff workload was more evenly distributed (p = 0.012), notably in pulmonology after the addition of personnel, reducing clinical load from 37.8 to 28.3 patients per provider. These findings affirm that Lean-Med, when aligned with epidemiological insights, offers a transformational strategy for improving hospital service delivery and responsiveness under high patient volume conditions.

References

B. N. de Brum, C. R. D. Nora, A. R. Ramos, L. Foppa, and D. L. Riquinho, “Quality of outpatient nursing care: a scoping review,” Rev Lat Am Enfermagem, vol. 33, 2025, doi: 10.1590/1518-8345.7028.4524.

M. Barraza-Lloréns, A. Arceo -Schravesande, Á. Campos -Hernández, S. Bauhoff, and P. Bernal Lara, Measures of hospital efficiency and quality. Washington, D. C.: Inter-American Development Bank, 2025. doi: 10.18235/0013359.

S. M. Mosleh, A. R. Alsereidi, A. A. Aldhanhani, H. M. Alnaqbi, R. S. Alhouti, and S. S. Alshehhi, “A descriptive study on patient satisfaction with waiting time in emergency departments: Insights from hospitals in the Northern Emirates,” Int Emerg Nurs, vol. 78, p. 101564, Feb. 2025, doi: 10.1016/j.ienj.2024.101564.

D. Limiri, “The Impact of Long Wait Times on Patient Health Outcomes: The Growing NHS Crisis,” Premier Journal of Public Health, 2025, doi: 10.70389/PJPH.100020.

A. S. Shethiy, “Deploying AI Models in .NET Web Applications Using Azure Kubernetes Service (AKS),” Speetrum of Research, vol. 5, no. 1, 2025.

Reshma Prasai, “The Status Quo of Nursing in Nepal: Challenges, Opportunities and Future Prospects,” International Journal of Multidisciplinary Research in Arts, Science and Technology, vol. 3, no. 3, pp. 01–14, Mar. 2025, doi: 10.61778/ijmrast.v3i3.108.

K. A. Permana and R. Ismail, “Evaluation of Waiting Time for Recipe Services at Puskesmas Mangunjaya Based on Ministry of Health Regulation,” Ad-Dawaa : Journal of Pharmacy, vol. 2, no. 1, pp. 1–8, May 2024, doi: 10.52221/dwj.v2i1.394.

M. Saeed et al., “The Impact of AI on Healthcare Workforce Management: Business Strategies for Talent Optimization and IT Integration,” The American Journal of Medical Sciences and Pharmaceutical Research, vol. 07, no. 03, pp. 136–156, Mar. 2025, doi: 10.37547/tajmspr/Volume07Issue03-15.

P. Petit and N. Vuillerme, “Leveraging Administrative Health Databases to Address Health Challenges in Farming Populations: Scoping Review and Bibliometric Analysis (1975-2024),” JMIR Public Health Surveill, vol. 11, p. e62939, Jan. 2025, doi: 10.2196/62939.

L. Ying, D. Yuyu, Z. Daili, S. Yangmei, X. Qing, and Z. Zhihuan, “Latent profile analysis of missed nursing care and their predictors among neuro-oncology nurses: a multicenter cross-sectional study,” BMC Nurs, vol. 24, no. 1, p. 419, Apr. 2025, doi: 10.1186/s12912-025-03094-w.

P. Dunleavy and H. Margetts, “Data science, artificial intelligence and the third wave of digital era governance,” Public Policy Adm, vol. 40, no. 2, pp. 185–214, Apr. 2025, doi: 10.1177/09520767231198737.

Oluwafunmilayo Ogundeko-Olugbami, Oluwaseun Ogundeko, Martha Lawan, and Evelyn Foster, “Harnessing data for impact: Transforming public health interventions through evidence-based decision-making,” World Journal of Advanced Research and Reviews, vol. 25, no. 1, pp. 2085–2103, Jan. 2025, doi: 10.30574/wjarr.2025.25.1.0297.

L. Mendes and G. França, “Lean thinking and risk management in healthcare organizations: a systematic literature review and research agenda,” International Journal of Quality & Reliability Management, vol. 42, no. 3, pp. 851–892, Feb. 2025, doi: 10.1108/IJQRM-06-2023-0210.

C. Veres, M. Stoian, D.-A. Szabo, and M. R. Gabor, “The Role of Leadership in Lean Healthcare Transformation: A Mixed-Methods Study,” Journal of the Knowledge Economy, vol. 16, no. 1, pp. 1–6, Mar. 2025, doi: 10.1007/s13132-025-02661-5.

A. Tiso, C. Pozzan, M. F. Morales Contreras, and C. Verbano, “Enhancing chronic care pathways with Health Lean Management: a case study in a Spanish hospital,” International Journal of Lean Six Sigma, vol. 16, no. 8, pp. 1–36, Jan. 2025, doi: 10.1108/IJLSS-04-2024-0070.

J. C. Prado-Prado, J. García-Arca, A. J. Fernández-González, and M. Mosteiro-Añón, “Increasing Competitiveness through the Implementation of Lean Management in Healthcare,” Int J Environ Res Public Health, vol. 17, no. 14, p. 4981, Jul. 2020, doi: 10.3390/ijerph17144981.

M. F. Morales-Contreras, P. Chana-Valero, M. F. Suárez-Barraza, A. Saldaña Díaz, and E. García García, “Applying Lean in Process Innovation in Healthcare: The Case of Hip Fracture,” Int J Environ Res Public Health, vol. 17, no. 15, p. 5273, Jul. 2020, doi: 10.3390/ijerph17155273.

L. Burroni et al., “Lean approach to improving performance and efficiency in a nuclear medicine department,” Clin Transl Imaging, vol. 9, no. 2, pp. 129–139, Apr. 2021, doi: 10.1007/s40336-021-00418-z.

S. Hassan, A. Amjad, M. U. Farooq, S. Anwar, and M. I. Ammarullah, “Applying lean production system philosophy to reduce patient waiting time in healthcare services: Simulation-based optimization and validations through experiment,” AIP Adv, vol. 14, no. 9, Sep. 2024, doi: 10.1063/5.0210721.

S. Oredsson et al., “A systematic review of triage-related interventions to improve patient flow in emergency departments,” Scand J Trauma Resusc Emerg Med, vol. 19, no. 1, p. 43, 2011, doi: 10.1186/1757-7241-19-43.

A. Bonamigo, G. N. Santos, S. M. do A. Chaves, and R. D. Calado, “Lean healthcare applied in emergency services: an empirical evaluation,” International Journal of Lean Six Sigma, vol. 16, no. 2, pp. 378–398, Feb. 2025, doi: 10.1108/IJLSS-01-2024-0012.

M. C. Cordeiro, L. Santos, A. C. M. Angelo, and L. G. Marujo, “Research directions for supply chain management in facing pandemics: an assessment based on bibliometric analysis and systematic literature review,” International Journal of Logistics Research and Applications, vol. 25, no. 10, pp. 1313–1333, Oct. 2022, doi: 10.1080/13675567.2021.1902487.

S. J. W. Astuti, S. Suindyah Dwiningwarni, and S. Atmojo, “Modeling environmental interactions and collaborative interventions for childhood stunting: A case from Indonesia,” Dialogues in Health, vol. 6, p. 100206, Jun. 2025, doi: 10.1016/j.dialog.2025.100206.

R. Mittal et al., “Implementing Accurx for Total Triage Enhancing Care Navigation and Patient Experience,” Cureus, vol. 17, no. 2, pp. 1–6, Feb. 2025, doi: 10.7759/cureus.78964.

Sugiyono, Metode penelitian kuantitatif, kualitatif, R&D, vol. 1. Bandung: Alfabeta, 2016.

J. W. Cresweel and J David Cresweel, Research design: Qualitative, quantitative, and mixed methods approaches., 5th ed. Thousand Oaks: Sage Publications, 2014.

A. C. Leon, L. L. Davis, and H. C. Kraemer, “The role and interpretation of pilot studies in clinical research,” J Psychiatr Res, vol. 45, no. 5, pp. 626–629, May 2011, doi: 10.1016/j.jpsychires.2010.10.008.

D. P. Ramadhani, A. Alamsyah, M. Y. Febrianta, M. N. Fajriananda, M. S. Nada, and F. Hasanah, “Large-Scale Cross-Cultural Tourism Analytics: Integrating Transformer-Based Text Mining and Network Analysis,” Computers, vol. 14, no. 1, p. 27, Jan. 2025, doi: 10.3390/computers14010027.

Y. Karrouk, F. Debasa, and L. M. Fornies Sanchez, “The Digital Transformation of Smart Hospitals,” 2025, pp. 1–54. doi: 10.4018/979-8-3373-0690-2.ch001.

N. J. Sebire et al., “The Future Hospital in Global Health Systems: The Future Hospital as an Entity,” Int J Health Plann Manage, vol. 40, no. 3, pp. 741–751, Jan. 2025, doi: 10.1002/hpm.3893.

M. T. Islam, K. S. Islam, A. Hossain, and M. R. Khan, “Reducing Operational Costs in U.S. Hospitals Through Lean Healthcare And Simulation-Driven Process Optimization,” Innovatech Engineering Journal, vol. 2, no. 01, pp. 11–28, Jan. 2025, doi: 10.70937/jnes.v2i01.50.

M. Zain et al., “Undergraduates’ learning habits amid covid-19 pandemic: A pilot study,” Sociol Rev, vol. 1, no. 1, pp. 1–8, 2020.

D. Vecillas Martin, C. Berruezo Fernández, and A. M. Gento Municio, “Systematic Review of Discrete Event Simulation in Healthcare and Statistics Distributions,” Applied Sciences, vol. 15, no. 4, p. 1861, Feb. 2025, doi: 10.3390/app15041861.

L. L. Klein, K. M. Vieira, T. S. Feltrin, M. Pissutti, and L. D. Ercolani, “The Influence of Lean Management Practices on Process Effectiveness: A Quantitative Study in a Public Institution,” Sage Open, vol. 12, no. 1, Jan. 2022, doi: 10.1177/21582440221088837.

M. R. Thompson and D. Schwartz Barcott, “The Role of the Nurse Scientist as a Knowledge Broker,” Journal of Nursing Scholarship, vol. 51, no. 1, pp. 26–39, Jan. 2019, doi: 10.1111/jnu.12439.

G. Aceto, V. Persico, and A. Pescapé, “The role of Information and Communication Technologies in healthcare: taxonomies, perspectives, and challenges,” Journal of Network and Computer Applications, vol. 107, pp. 125–154, Apr. 2018, doi: 10.1016/j.jnca.2018.02.008.

H. Le and G. Duffy, Human-Centered Lean Six Sigma. New York: Productivity Press, 2023. doi: 10.4324/9781003454892.

M. Chen, Q. Guan, and J. Zhuang, “Patient-centered lean healthcare management from a humanistic perspective,” BMC Health Serv Res, vol. 24, no. 1, p. 1261, Oct. 2024, doi: 10.1186/s12913-024-11755-w.

Downloads

Published

2025-05-28

How to Cite

Ardan, M., & Rahman, F. F. (2025). INTERVENSI LEAN-MED BERBASIS DATA EPIDEMIOLOGIS LOKAL DALAM MENURUNKAN WAKTU TUNGGU PASIEN RAWAT JALAN DI RUMAH SAKIT RUJUKAN SAMARINDA. Media Penelitian Dan Pengembangan Kesehatan, 35(2), 436–447. https://doi.org/10.34011/jmp2k.v35i2.3133