PHYTOCHEMICAL AND NUTRIENT ANALYSIS OF ETHANOL EXTRACT SALAK PONDOH (Sallaca edulis Reinw) PEEL FOR DEVELOPMENT OF ANTI-OBESITY
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.34011/jmp2k.v35i2.2819Keywords:
fitokimia, kulit salak pondoh, nilai nutrisi, obesitasAbstract
Insiden obesitas meningkat di seluruh dunia selama beberapa tahun terakhir. Diet dan aktivitas fisik saja pada penderita obesitas kurang memberikan hasil yang optimal, sedangkan penggunaan obat anti obesitas dalam jangka panjang dapat menyebabkan efek samping. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis nutrisi dan kandungan fitokimia kulit buah salak pondoh untuk mengembangkan pengobatan obesitas. Jenis penelitian ini merupakan eksperimental laboratorium dengan 3 tahap: ekstraksi kulit luar salak pondoh, analisis nutrisi, dan analisis Gas Chromatography and Mass Spectrometry yang selanjutnya disebut GC-MS. Kulit buah salak pondoh diperoleh dari pusat agribisnis di Sleman, Yogyakarta. Kulit buah salak pondoh kering diekstraksi dengan etanol 70% menggunakan metode remaserasi. Kandungan nutrisi yang terdapat pada ekstrak etanol dianalisis di Laboratorium Teknologi Pangan, Fakultas Pertanian, Universitas Sebelas Maret, sedangkan analisis fitokimia dilakukan di Laboratorium Riset Terpadu dan Analisis Pengujian Universitas Gadjah Mada, dengan menggunakan metode Gas Chromatography and Mass Spectrometry (GC-MS). Ekstrak kulit buah salak pondoh (EPP) mengandung persentase karbohidrat (41,33%), mineral (28,37%), dan air (25,31%) yang lebih tinggi dibandingkan persentase serat kasar (3,68%), lemak (2,62%), protein (2,37%), dan vitamin C (0,88%). Hasil GC-MS mengidentifikasi adanya 75 fitokimia di mana dua dari lima senyawa dengan proporsi tertinggi adalah metil ester asam heksadekanoat dan asam n-heksadekanoat. Kandungan fitokimia tersebut memiliki aktivitas biologis yang berpotensi untuk pengembangan terapi obesitas. Perlu dilakukan penelitian lanjutan secara in vitro dan in vivo untuk mengevaluasi sifat anti- obesitas EPP tersebut.
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