PENGARUH EKSTRAK DAUN PEPAYA (CARICA PAPAYA L.) TERHADAP KADAR HEMOGLOBIN DAN HEMATOKRIT PADA REMAJA PUTRI ANEMIA
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.34011/jmp2k.v35i2.2971Keywords:
hemoglobin, hematocrit, papaya leaf extractAbstract
Adolescent girls often experience anemia, a condition in which red blood cell count or hemoglobin concentration falls below normal levels, especially during puberty. Globally, anemia affects 40% of children aged 6–59 months, 37% of pregnant women, and 30% of women aged 15–49 years. California papaya leaves (Carica papaya L.) are a nutritious vegetable that may help accelerate anemia reduction efforts. This study aimed to prove that administering papaya leaf extract at a dose of 800 mg/day affects hemoglobin and hematocrit levels in anemic adolescent girls. This true experimental study used a randomized pretest-posttest control group design. Conducted from December 1–20, 2024, at Junior High School 2 Balong, Ponorogo, Indonesia, it involved 46 anemic adolescent respondents who met the inclusion and exclusion criteria. They were divided into two groups: 23 participants in the intervention group, who received 800 mg of papaya leaf extract along with 60 mg of iron tablets, and 23 in the control group, who received only 60 mg of iron tablets for 14 days. Data processing was conducted using SPSS version 27, with statistical analysis performed using the parametric dependent T-Test and independent T-Test. The results showed that the intervention group experienced an average increase in hemoglobin levels of 0.444 g/dL and hematocrit levels of 0.39. In conclusion, administering 800 mg of papaya leaf extract significantly affects hemoglobin and hematocrit levels in anemic adolescent girls, supporting efforts to reduce anemia prevalence.
References
Badan Kebijakan Pembangunan Kesehatan, Survei Kesehatan Indonesia (SKI) 2023 dalam Angka. 2023.
World Health Organization, “Methods and Data Sources for Mean Hemoglobin and Anemia Estimates in Women of Reproductive Age and Pre-School Age Children 2000-2019,” Department of Nutrition and Food Safety.
A. Martiasari et al., “Hubungan Pengetahuan Status Gizi dan Pola Menstruasi Pada Anemia Remaja Putri,” Simfisis Jurnal Kebidanan Indonesia, vol. 1, no. 3, pp. 131–137, Feb. 2022, doi: 10.53801/sjki.v1i3.18.
Dinas Kesehatan Provinsi Jawa Timur, Profil Kesehatan Provinsi Jawa Timur Tahun 2022. Surabaya: Dinas Kesehatan Provinsi Jawa Timur, 2023.
Badan Riset dan lnovasi Nasional, Mengenal Anemia: Patofisiologi, Klasifikasi, dan Diagnosis. Jakarta: Direktorat Repositori, Multimedia, dan Penerbitan Ilmiah, 2023.
Abdukhalilovna, “The importance of iron-rich products in the prevention of anemia complications,” Gospodarka Innowacje, vol. 24, pp. 989–992, 2022.
P. R. Sarjono, I. Ismiyarto, N. Ngadiwiyana, and N. B. A. Prasetya, “Bakteri Endofit F4 dari Daun Pepaya (Carica papaya L): Potensinya sebagai Penghasil Enzim Ekstraseluler,” Greensphere: Journal of Environmental Chemistry, vol. 2, no. 1, pp. 1–7, May 2022, doi: 10.14710/gjec.2022.14794.
M. D. Olumide, A. O. Akintunde, B. A. Shobo, and O. E. Akinboye, “Nutrient Evaluation and Phytochemical Analysis of Fresh and Dry Leaves of Carica papaya,” Indian J Agric Res, no. Of, Jun. 2022, doi: 10.18805/IJARe.AF-726.
V. D. P. Putri, Apriyanti Aini, and Marchatus Soleha, “Efektivitas Pemberian Tablet Fe Ditambah Buah Pepaya (Carica Pepaya L.) Terhadap Peningkatan Kadar Hemoglobin Remaja Putri Anemia,” Cendekia Medika: Jurnal Stikes Al-Ma`arif Baturaja, vol. 8, no. 2, pp. 372–379, Sep. 2023, doi: 10.52235/cendekiamedika.v8i2.242.
S. S. Kumar, G. T. V, K. K, and M. John, “Antioxidant potential and mineral elemental profiling of young and mature fruit and leaf of Carica papaya L. cultivar ‘Red Lady,’” Journal of Trace Elements and Minerals, vol. 9, p. 100166, Sep. 2024, doi: 10.1016/j.jtemin.2024.100166.
Y. Handayani and I. A. Budiman, “Hubungan Kepatuhan Konsumsi Tablet Fe Terhadap Kejadian Anemia,” Oksitosin : Jurnal Ilmiah Kebidanan, vol. 9, no. 2, pp. 121–130, Aug. 2022, doi: 10.35316/oksitosin.v9i2.1560.
C. T. Cohen and J. M. Powers, “Nutritional Strategies for Managing Iron Deficiency in Adolescents: Approaches to a Challenging but Common Problem,” Advances in Nutrition, vol. 15, no. 5, p. 100215, May 2024, doi: 10.1016/j.advnut.2024.100215.
Supariasa, “Penilaian Status Gizi,” Jakarta: Buku Kedokteran EGC, 2018.
A. D. Lubis, “Potensi Ekstrak Daun Jambu Biji (Psidii Folium) Sebagai Bahan Alteratif Terhadap Kadar Hemoglobin Pada Remaja Puteri Di Smk Bhakti Nusantara,” Jurnal Borneo Cendekia, vol. 4, no. 2, pp. 186–193, 2021, doi: 10.54411/jbc.v4i2.241.
N. H. Warouw, “Efektivitas Ekstrak Ikan Gabus Terhadap Peningkatan Status Gizi Dan Kadar Hemoglobin Pada Ibu Hamil Dengan Hiv/Aids Di Provinsi Papua,” Jurnal Keperawatan Tropis Papua, vol. 4, no. 1, pp. 21–26, Nov. 2021, doi: 10.47539/jktp.v4i1.207.
S. Syuhada, A. Aditya, and I. Candrawijaya, “Perbedaan Hematokrit Darah Segar dan Darah Simpan (30 Hari) DI UTD RSAM Bandar Lampung,” Jurnal Ilmiah Kesehatan Sandi Husada, vol. 12, no. 2, pp. 646–653, Dec. 2020, doi: 10.35816/jiskh.v12i2.379.
H. Setiawan, N. R. Istiqomah, and S. W. Wulandari, “Efek Ekstrak Etanol Daun Pepaya Calina Terhadap Profil Darah Tikus Wistar,” Gunung Djati Conference Series, vol. 6, no. December, pp. 210–217, 2021.
F. W. Nurjanah, S. Hadisaputro, and D. Fatmasari, “Long Bean Leaf Extract for Improving Haematological Status of Female Adolescent with Anemia that Gets Fe Supplementation,” Jurnal Kesehatan Masyarakat, vol. 16, no. 1, pp. 81–87, Jul. 2020, doi: 10.15294/kemas.v16i1.23203.
