HOW CHEWING PATTERN PARAMETERS AFFECT NUTRITIONAL DISORDER: A LITERATURE REVIEW
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.34011/jmp2k.v35i4.3018Keywords:
literatur, mengunyah, nutrisi, parameterAbstract
Status gizi dipengaruhi oleh berbagai faktor, salah satunya adalah pola makan yang mencerminkan kebiasaan mengunyah. Ketidakseimbangan asupan dan gangguan pada proses mengunyah dapat berdampak pada penyerapan nutrisi dan status gizi. Penelitian ini merupakan kajian literatur yang bertujuan untuk mengidentifikasi pola mengunyah yang memengaruhi status gizi. Pencarian artikel dilakukan secara sistematis melalui basis data PubMed, ProQuest Central, Google Scholar, Cochrane, dan Sciencedirect menggunakan metode PICO. Artikel yang dianalisis dipublikasikan antara Januari 2014 hingga Desember 2024. 15 artikel memenuhi kriteria inklusi dari 1275 artikel yang ditemukan dan dianalisis lebih lanjut. Hasil telaah menunjukkan bahwa pola mengunyah berpengaruh terhadap status gizi melalui kuantitas dan kualitas pengunyahan, frekuensi makan, serta keterpaparan terhadap risiko penyakit mulut. Faktor-faktor ini lebih dominan ditemukan di wilayah Asia Selatan dan Tenggara, dibandingkan Eropa. Kebiasaan mengunyah yang baik berperan dalam meningkatkan asupan nutrisi, terutama pada kelompok rentan. Diperlukan intervensi berbasis kebiasaan makan dengan indikator mengunyah sehat untuk mendukung perbaikan status gizi.
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