STUNTING PREVENTION THROUGH STRENGTHENING MOTHER’S KNOWLEDGE AND SELF-EFFICACY WITH HEALTH COACHING BASED ON FAMILY EMPOWERMENT
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.34011/jmp2k.v35i2.2710Keywords:
efikasi diri, ibu balita, pemberdayaan keluarga, pengetahuan, stuntingAbstract
Stunting merupakan masalah kesehatan serius di Indonesia, khususnya di Surakarta, Jawa Tengah, dengan angka 20,7% pada tahun 2023, seringkali disebabkan oleh kurangnya pengetahuan dan efikasi diri. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui peran pembinaan kesehatan berbasis pemberdayaan keluarga dalam meningkatkan pengetahuan dan efikasi diri ibu serta menggali persepsi ibu terhadap stunting. Penelitian dilakukan di wilayah kerja Puskesmas Gilingan Surakarta. Metode penelitian adalah mixed method, penelitian quasi eksperimental dan deskriptif kualitatif untuk menggali persepsi ibu terhadap stunting. Subyek penelitian kuasi eksperimen adalah 84 orang ibu yang memiliki balita usia 24-59 bulan yang ditentukan dengan menggunakan purposive sampling. Subjek mendapatkan intervensi penyuluhan tentang ruang lingkup stunting dan pentingnya dukungan keluarga dalam pengasuhan anak. Sedangkan penelitian kualitatif melibatkan dua orang ibu yang memiliki balita stunting, dua orang ibu yang memiliki balita non stunting, satu orang kader kesehatan masyarakat, dan satu orang koordinator program penanganan stunting. Instrumen yang digunakan adalah kuesioner pengetahuan mandiri dan efikasi diri. Data kualitatif diperoleh dengan cara wawancara mendalam dengan seluruh responden. Analisis data menggunakan uji Wilcoxon dan analisis tematik, memastikan pemeriksaan data yang teliti dan menyeluruh. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa pembinaan kesehatan berbasis pemberdayaan keluarga secara signifikan meningkatkan pengetahuan dan efikasi diri ibu (p<0,05), serta terdapat hubungan yang kuat antara pembelajaran dengan efikasi diri dalam upaya pencegahan stunting, persepsi ibu terhadap faktor kerentanan, pola asuh, dan tantangan menghindari stunting. Pengetahuan dan efikasi diri yang baik terbukti berkontribusi signifikan dalam mencegah stunting. Diperlukan upaya pencegahan stunting berbasis pemberdayaan keluarga yang komprehensif dan kolaboratif untuk meningkatkan pengetahuan dan diri ibu.
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