EFFECTIVENESS OF STATIN AND EZETIMIBE COMBINATION ON ATHEROSCLEROTIC PLAQUE IN PATIENTS WITH CORONARY HEART DISEASE
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.34011/jmp2k.v35i3.3198Keywords:
ezetimibe, penghambat HMG-CoA reduktase, penyakit jantung koroner, plak aterosklerosis, statinAbstract
Penyakit jantung koroner mengacu pada kondisi penyumbatan pembuluh darah arteri yang dikenal dengan istilah aterosklerosis. Statin bekerja dengan mengurangi produksi kolesterol di hati serta menjaga stabilisasi plak pada pasien dengan penyakit jantung koroner. Namun demikian pemberian statin tidak dapat ditoleransi dengan baik pada pasien tertentu, sehingga dipertimbangkan penggunaan kombinasi statin dengan ezetimibe. Tinjauan artikel ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui efektivitas kombinasi statin dan ezetimibe terhadap plak aterosklerosis pada pasien dengan penyakit jantung koroner. Penelusuran pustaka dilakukan menggunakan basis data PubMed dan EBSCO (MEDLINE Ultimate) pada bulan Februari 2025 dengan menggunakan kata kunci “Ezetimibe”, “Hydroxymethylglutaryl-CoA Reductase Inhibitors”,“Atherosclerotic Plaque” dan “Coronary Artery Disease”. Artikel dipilih berdasarkan kriteria inklusi yaitu artikel berbahasa Inggris, diterbitkan dalam sepuluh tahun terakhir, penelitian pada manusia, dan merupakan randomized controlled trial pada pasien jantung koroner dengan atau tanpa penyakit penyerta. Kriteria eksklusi meliputi: tinjauan/review, studi protokol, editorial, tinjauan sistematis dan meta analisis, dan topik/hasil yang tidak relevan. Penelusuran awal menghasilkan 34 artikel dengan 10 duplikasi dan 14 kriteria eksklusi, sehingga diperoleh 10 artikel penelitian yang berfokus di Jepang, Korea, dan Cina. Hasil tinjauan artikel menunjukkan bahwa kombinasi statin dengan ezetimibe lebih efektif dalam menurunkan low density lipoprotein-cholesterol (LDL-C), mengurangi respon inflamasi, serta menghasilkan regresi plak aterosklerosis yang lebih besar dibandingkan monoterapi statin. Dengan demikian, penggunaan kombinasi statin dosis rendah hingga sedang dan ezetimibe dapat menjadi terapi pilihan bagi pasien dengan penyakit jantung koroner yang berisiko tinggi.
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