MACKEREL SCADS AND TUNA LIVER MEATBALL: AN INNOVATIVE SNACK, SOURCE OF PROTEIN AND IRON FOR CHILD FOOTBALL PLAYERS
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.34011/jmp2k.v35i3.3340Keywords:
keanekaragaman pangan, gizi olahraga remaja, kudapan berbasis ikan, hati ikan tuna, Decapterus spAbstract
Pemenuhan zat gizi yang optimal bagi anak sekolah sepak bola untuk menunjang kebugaran dan ketahanan fisik. Pemanfaatan sumber pangan lokal seperti ikan layang (Decapterus sp) dan tuna yang melimpah di perairan Maluku Utara, menawarkan potensi besar dalam pengembangan kudapan bergizi. Penelitian bertujuan untuk menghasilkan formula, mengevaluasi mutu organoleptik, dan menganalisis kandungan gizi kudapan berbahan ikan layang dan hati tuna. Penelitian ini menggunakan tiga jenis tepung (tapioca, tepung sagu dan tepung maizena) dengan Rancangan Acak Lengkap (RAL). Sebanyak 30 panelis agak terlatih dilibatkan dalam pengujian organoleptik. Produk kudapan terpilih, dianalisis kandungan protein total, asam amino, lemak total, karbohidrat, dan zat besi. Data diolah menggunakan Microsoft Excel dan IBM SPSS versi 25. Uji Kruskal-Wallis untuk analisis mutu organoleptik dari tiga formula. Uji Kruskal-Wallis menunjukkan tidak ada perbedaan signifikan pada warna kudapan (p>0,05), namun terdapat perbedaan signifikan pada aroma, rasa, dan tekstur di antara tiga perlakuan tepung (p<0,05). Kudapan terpilih mengandung 18,29% karbohidrat, 7,64% lemak, 18,68 gram protein, 216,66 kkal energi, dan 3,49 mg zat besi per 100 gram. Asam amino esensial didominasi oleh lysine, valine, dan isoleucine. Formula satu dengan tepung tapioka menjadi pilihan terbaik berdasarkan penerimaan panelis terhadap rasa, warna, tekstur, dan aroma. Kebaruan dari kudapat ini terletak pada penambahan hati tuna untuk meningkatkan zat besi. Kandungan sumber protein dan zat besi mendukung pemenuhan kecukupan gizi bagi anak sekola sepak bola. 100 gram kudapan mendukung 26,62% protein dan 29,08 % zat besi dalam pemenuhan kecukupan gizi harian anak sekolah sepak bola usia 13-15 tahun.
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