IMMUNOLOGICAL AND HEMATOLOGICAL STATUS PROFILE IN TUBERCULOSIS-HUMAN IMMUNODEFICIENCY VIRUS COINFECTED PATIENTS
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Abstrak
Infeksi oleh Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) merupakan masalah di seluruh dunia termasuk Indonesia. Tuberkulosis (TB) adalah infeksi oportunistik tersering pada penderita AIDS. Status imun pada penderita terinfeksi HIV dapat dinilai melalui pemeriksaan jumlah absolut limfosit T CD4+, dan ini merupakan standar untuk menilai dan menentukan derajat imunodefisiensi. Penurunan progresif limfosit T CD4+ berhubungan dengan progresifitas penyakit. Penelitian ini bertujuan mengetahui profil status imunologis yang dilihat dari jumlah CD4 dan hematologi yang dilihat dari jumlah leukosit, hitung jenisnya, hemoglobin, laju endap darah, dan trombosit. Penelitian ini menggunakan rancangan kuantitatif dengan desain analitik observasional (cross sectional).Jumlah data yang diambil sebanyak 45 data. Data dianalisis menggunakan analisis korelasi. Jumlah CD4+ pasien ko-infeksi TB-HIV terbanyak menunjukkan imunodefisiensi berat (jumlah CD4+ <200 sel/ mm3) yaitu 73,3% pasien dengan rerata 118,4 sel/ mm3. Terdapat 86,5% mengalami anemia. Hitung jumlah dan jenis leukosit terbanyak yaitu jumlah leukosit normal sebanyak 59,5%, sebanyak 61,5% mengalami neutrofilia, sebanyak 65,4% mengalami limfopenia, monosit dalam rentang normal yaitu sebesar 57,7%. Sebanyak 73,7% mengalami peningkatan dengan rerata laju endap darah pasien mencapai 46,58 mm/jam. Jumlah trombosit terbanyak dalam rentang normal yaitu sebesar 68,6%. Terdapat korelasi yang signifikan antara kadar hemoglobin, hitung jumlah neutrofil, limfosit, dan monosit dengan hitung jumlah CD4+ dengan nilai p berturut-turut yaitu 0,001; 0,000; 0,000; 0,012. Status imunologis dan hematologi pasien koinfeksi TB-HIV mengalami penurunan, dan terdapat korelasi yang signifikan antara kedua profil tersebut, sehingga perlu meningkatkan pemeriksaan laboratorium secara menyeluruh.
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Referensi
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