HUBUNGAN KADAR C-REACTIVE PROTEIN DENGAN DERAJAT KEPARAHAN PASIEN COVID-19 YANG DIRAWAT INAP DI RUMAH SAKIT
Isi Artikel Utama
Abstrak
Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) caused by Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV2) can appear with a varied clinical spectrum, ranging from no symptoms, mild illness, moderate illness, to severe illness. The high mortality rate is closely related to the severity of the disease. One of the laboratory parameters that is thought to be related to the severity of COVID-19 is C-Reactive Protein (CRP). This study aimed to determine the relationship between CRP values and the severity of COVID-19 patients. This research has an analytical observational design with a cross-sectional approach. The samples were COVID-19 patients with moderate and severe symptoms who were hospitalized at RSUD dr. Soedarso West Kalimantan in January - December 2021. The sampling technique was total sampling to obtain medical record data which included CRP values and patient severity levels so that 49 data were obtained. The results showed that 8 respondents (16.3%) had CRP levels of 0.8 mg/dL, 24 respondents (49%) had CRP levels of 1.6 mg/dL, 9 respondents (18.4%) had CRP levels of 3 .2 mg/dL and 8 respondents (16.3%) had CRP levels of 6.4 mg/dL. Based on Kendall's tau-b statistical test, a significance value of 0.001 <0.05 was obtained, which means there is a significant relationship between CRP levels and severity. The correlation coefficient value of 0.708 shows a strong correlation coefficient between CRP levels and severity. This proves that the higher the CRP levels of COVID-19 patients found, the more severe the degree of disease that may be suffered by these patients, so there is a close relationship between CRP levels and the degree of disease of COVID-19 patients.
Rincian Artikel
Referensi
M. Mohamadian, H. Chiti, A. Shoghli, S. Biglari, N. Parsamanesh, and A. Esmaeilzadeh, “COVID-19: Virology, biology and novel laboratory diagnosis,” J Gene Med, vol. 23, no. 2, p. e3303, Feb. 2021, doi: 10.1002/jgm.3303.
R. Ochani et al., “COVID-19 pandemic: from origins to outcomes. A comprehensive review of viral pathogenesis, clinical manifestations, diagnostic evaluation, and management,” Infez Med, vol. 29, no. 1, pp. 20–36, 2021, [Online]. Available: http://europepmc.org/abstract/MED/33664170
W. Wang, J. Tang, and F. Wei, “Updated understanding of the outbreak of 2019 novel coronavirus (2019-nCoV) in Wuhan, China,” J Med Virol, vol. 92, no. 4, pp. 441–447, Apr. 2020, doi: 10.1002/jmv.25689.
D. Cucinotta and M. Vanelli, “WHO declares COVID-19 a pandemic,” Acta Biomedica, vol. 91, no. 1, pp. 157–160, 2020, doi: 10.23750/abm.v91i1.9397.
M. Pal, G. Berhanu, C. Desalegn, and V. Kandi, “Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2): An Update,” Cureus, vol. 12, no. 3, p. e7423, Mar. 2020, doi: 10.7759/cureus.7423.
I. Chakraborty and P. Maity, “COVID-19 outbreak: Migration, effects on society, global environment and prevention,” Sci Total Environ, vol. 728, p. 138882, Aug. 2020, doi: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2020.138882.
E. Petersen et al., “Comparing SARS-CoV-2 with SARS-CoV and influenza pandemics,” Lancet Infect Dis, vol. 20, no. 9, p. e238—e244, Sep. 2020, doi: 10.1016/s1473-3099(20)30484-9.
B. Nugraha, L. K. Wahyuni, H. Laswati, P. Kusumastuti, A. B. Tulaar, and C. Gutenbrunner, “COVID-19 pandemic in Indonesia: Situation and challenges of rehabilitation medicine in Indonesia,” Acta Med Indones, vol. 52, no. 3, p. 299—305, Jul. 2020, [Online]. Available: http://europepmc.org/abstract/MED/33020342
R. K. Mohapatra, A. K. Sarangi, V. Kandi, M. Azam, R. Tiwari, and K. Dhama, “Omicron (B.1.1.529 variant of SARS-CoV-2); an emerging threat: Current global scenario,” J Med Virol, vol. 94, no. 5, pp. 1780–1783, May 2022, doi: 10.1002/jmv.27561.
M. Marks, G. O’Hara, C. Houlihan, L. Bell, M. Heightman, and N. Hart, “Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2,” in Encyclopedia of Respiratory Medicine (Second Edition), Second Edition., S. M. Janes, Ed., Oxford: Academic Press, 2022, pp. 231–242. doi: https://doi.org/10.1016/B978-0-08-102723-3.00139-6.
B. Alattas, A. Azaz, D. Rawat, M. Midday, and R. Bitar, “Clinical manifestations and outcome in children with COVID-19 infection in Abu Dhabi: a retrospective single-centre study,” BMJ Paediatr Open, vol. 5, no. 1, p. e001219, 2021, doi: 10.1136/bmjpo-2021-001219.
T. D. Suryananda and R. Yudhawati, “Association of serum KL-6 levels on COVID-19 severity: A cross-sectional study design with purposive sampling,” Ann Med Surg (Lond), vol. 69, p. 102673, Sep. 2021, doi: 10.1016/j.amsu.2021.102673.
M. Ahnach, S. Zbiri, S. Nejjari, F. Ousti, and C. Elkettani, “C-reactive protein as an early predictor of COVID-19 severity,” J Med Biochem, vol. 39, no. 4, p. 500—507, Oct. 2020, doi: 10.5937/jomb0-27554.
N. R. Sproston and J. J. Ashworth, “Role of C-Reactive Protein at Sites of Inflammation and Infection,” Front Immunol, vol. 9, p. 754, 2018, doi: 10.3389/fimmu.2018.00754.
S. M. Nehring, A. Goyal, and B. C. Patel, C Reactive Protein. Treasure Island: StatPearls Publishing, Treasure Island (FL), 2020. [Online]. Available: http://europepmc.org/books/NBK441843
I. Huang, R. Pranata, M. A. Lim, A. Oehadian, and B. Alisjahbana, “C-reactive protein, procalcitonin, D-dimer, and ferritin in severe coronavirus disease-2019: a meta-analysis,” Ther Adv Respir Dis, vol. 14, p. 1753466620937175, 2020, doi: 10.1177/1753466620937175.
N. R. Smilowitz et al., “C-reactive protein and clinical outcomes in patients with COVID-19,” Eur Heart J, vol. 42, no. 23, p. 2270—2279, Jun. 2021, doi: 10.1093/eurheartj/ehaa1103.
S. Kany, J. T. Vollrath, and B. Relja, “Cytokines in Inflammatory Disease,” Int J Mol Sci, vol. 20, no. 23, p. E6008, Nov. 2019, doi: 10.3390/ijms20236008.
A. M. A. Anwar, S. Buraena, R. F. Syamsu, I. L. D. Kanang, and A. H. Muchsin, “Hubungan Kadar C-Reactive Protein dengan Derajat Penyakit Pasien COVID-19 di Rumah Sakit Umum Daerah Inche Abdul Moeis Samarinda Tahun 2021,” Fakumi Medical Journal: Jurnal Mahasiswa Kedokteran, vol. 2, no. 9, pp. 646–655, 2022.
A. D. Tyastuti, “Hubungan Antara Kadar C-Reactive Protein Dengan Derajat Keparahan COVID-19 Studi Observasional Analitik Pada Pasien Rawat Inap Di RS Islam Sultan Agung Semarang,” Universitas Islam Sultan Agung Semarang, Semarang, 2022.
K. S. Atmaja, A. A. G. O. S. Wicaksana, I. W. A. S. Putra, and W. W. S. Putra, “Hubungan konsentrasi serum C-Reactive Protein dan D-dimer dengan derajat keparahan dan mortalitas pasien COVID-19,” Intisari Sains Medis, vol. 12, no. 2, pp. 680–685, 2021.
N. W. S. Asih, “Hubungan NLR, Kadar CRP dan D-dimer terhadap Derajat Keparahan Penyakit Pasien COVID-19 di RSUD Wangaya Denpasar,” Jurnal Medika Udayana, vol. 11, no. 12, pp. 14–21, 2022.