CHALLENGES IN THE IMPLEMENTATION OF PATIENT SAFETY CULTURE IN THE MATERNITY WARD OF HOSPITAL X – A QUALITATIVE STUDY
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.34011/jmp2k.v35i3.3098Keywords:
budaya keselamatan pasien, rumah sakit, tantangan implementasiAbstract
Keselamatan pasien merupakan komponen kunci dalam menjamin mutu layanan kesehatan, namun penerapannya belum optimal, terutama di ruang kebidanan yang berisiko tinggi terhadap kejadian tidak diinginkan seperti kesalahan prosedur atau keterlambatan penanganan. Di RSUD X, survei budaya keselamatan pasien menunjukkan bahwa dimensi pembelajaran organisasi dan perbaikan berkelanjutan memiliki skor yang lemah dengan hanya 21,9% respons positif. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengeksplorasi tantangan dalam implementasi budaya keselamatan pasien. Metode penelitian menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif dengan metode constructivist grounded theory, data dikumpulkan melalui wawancara mendalam pada sembilan orang responden dengan komposisi lima staf tenaga pelayanan kesehatan, dua staf manejemen bidang umum dan pelayanan medik, satu ketua komite mutu, dan satu pasien kebidanan yang dipilih secara purposive sampling berdasarkan mampu berkomunikasi dengan baik, individu yang kaya informasi dan bersedia diwawancara. Penelitian dilaksanakan pada bulan Desember 2024 hingga Januari 2025 di RSUD X. Analisis data dilakukan dengan tahapan open coding, axial coding dan selective coding, serta triangulasi data dengan observasi dilapangan. Hasil penelitian mengungkap sejumlah tantangan meliputi dilema antara profesionalisme dan konflik kepentingan manajerial, normalisasi kesalahan, kurangnya komitmen manajemen memperburuk kondisi ini, ditambah dengan diskriminasi terhadap pasien, serta kerja tim yang tidak efektif. Selain itu, minimnya pengawasan, serta keterbatasan sumber daya dan kompetensi tenaga kesehatan menjadi hambatan signifikan. Oleh karena itu, diperlukan strategi seperti pelatihan berkelanjutan, reformasi manajemen, serta penguatan kerja tim lintas profesi untuk meningkatkan budaya keselamatan pasien. Implikasi dari penelitian ini dapat memperkuat praktik keselamatan pasien dalam layanan kebidanan dan mendorong perbaikan sistematik pada mutu pelayanan kesehatan ibu dan anak.
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