PERINATAL MOOD AND ANXIETY DISORDERS AND DEVELOPMENTAL OUTCOMES IN TODDLERS: A SCOPING REVIEW
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.34011/jmp2k.v35i4.3146Keywords:
depresi, intervensi, kecemasan, perinatal, perkembangan anakAbstract
Kesejahteraan psikologis perinatal memainkan peran penting dalam tahap awal perkembangan anak. Memahami hubungan antara kesehatan mental ibu dan sifat perkembangan anak yang beragam merupakan titik fokus penting untuk intervensi dini. Studi ini bertujuan untuk memetakan badan penelitian saat ini tentang hubungan antara suasana hati perinatal dan gangguan kecemasan (PMAD) dan keterlambatan perkembangan pada balita. Tinjauan cakupan ini dilakukan dengan menggunakan daftar periksa PRISMA-ScR dan kerangka kerja Population-Concept-Context (PCC). Basis data elektronik yang dicari termasuk PubMed, ScienceDirect, EBSCO, Research Rabbit, dan Google Scholar. Kriteria inklusi terdiri dari artikel penelitian asli yang diterbitkan antara 2013 dan 2023 yang membahas gangguan mood dan kecemasan perinatal, melibatkan wanita hamil atau orang tua dari anak-anak berusia 0-5 tahun, dan menggunakan desain kohort, cross-sectional, atau quasi-experimental. Sebanyak 16 artikel memenuhi kriteria inklusi, memberikan wawasan dari negara maju dan berkembang. Analisis tersebut mengungkapkan hubungan yang konsisten antara suasana hati perinatal dan gangguan kecemasan dan keterlambatan perkembangan pada balita. Temuan utama mencakup berbagai dimensi PMAD (misalnya, simtomatologi, tingkat keparahan dan waktu paparan, faktor risiko, peristiwa kehidupan yang signifikan, dan dukungan sosial) serta sifat keterlambatan perkembangan (misalnya, faktor risiko orang tua dan domain keterlambatan tertentu). Temuan ini menggarisbawahi pentingnya skrining dini dan penerapan intervensi yang ditargetkan selama kehamilan dan periode pasca persalinan.
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