GENDER-BASED PERCEPTIONS OF PREGNANCY PLANNING AND PRECONCEPTION HEALTH: A SCOPING REVIEW
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.34011/jmp2k.v35i4.3289Keywords:
kesehatan prekonsepsi, perencanaan kehamilan, persepsi gender, scoping reviewAbstract
Perencanaan kehamilan merupakan upaya untuk mencegah komplikasi kehamilan yang dapat menekan angka kematian ibu (AKI). Norma sosial terkait tanggung jawab kehamilan dan kurangnya komunikasi dengan pasangan menjadi faktor yang menghambat pasangan dalam persiapan kehamilan. Studi ini memetakan perbedaan persepsi berbasis gender terhadap perencanaan kehamilan dan kesehatan prekonsepsi mengikuti kerangka kerja oleh Arksey dan O’Malley. Pencarian literatur menggunakan empat basis data yaitu ScienceDirect, Scopus, Pubmed dan Proquest untuk mencari artikel 5 tahun terakhir (2020 – 2025) yang berbahasa inggris, peer-reviewed, dan open access. Artikel yang membahas persepsi berbasis gender baik pada laki-laki, perempuan, maupun keduanya disertakan tanpa membatasi desain studi yang digunakan. Proses seleksi menggunakan pedoman PRISMA dan menghasilkan 13 artikel relevan. Hasil analisis menunjukkan perbedaan persepsi laki-laki dan perempuan dalam memandang perencanaan kehamilan dan kesehatan prekonsepsi. Perempuan memandang perencanaan kehamilan sebagai proses terintegrasi baik kesiapan fisik, mental, maupun sosial. Berbanding terbalik, laki-laki menganggap kehamilan sebagai urusan utama perempuan sehingga tidak sepenuhnya membutuhkan keterlibatan mereka. Dalam aspek kesehatan prekonsepsi, kedua gender menyadari pentingnya melakukan gaya hidup sehat dan melakukan pemeriksaan kesehatan sebelum kehamilan. Namun, pembentukan persepsi turut dipengaruhi budaya, norma, dan religiusitas yang membuat kehamilan dianggap sebagai topik yang tabu untuk dibicarakan sebelum menikah. Temuan memberikan dasar untuk merancang strategi promosi kesehatan sekaligus mendorong pembentukan kebijakan dan layanan prekonsepsi yang menjamin keterlibatan setara antara laki-laki dan perempuan
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