IMPACT OF BREAKFAST HABITS, DIETARY DIVERSITY, AND FAMILY SUPPORT ON ADOLESCENT OVERWEIGHT: A CROSS-SECTIONAL STUDY
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Abstract
Data Riskesdas 2018 Provinsi Daerah Istimewa Yogyakarta (DIY) menunjukkan bahwa 14,63% remaja usia 16-18 tahun mengalami kelebihan berat badan, dengan 10,89% diklasifikasikan sebagai obesitas. Kegemukan pada masa remaja dapat meningkatkan risiko kematian dan menjadi faktor risiko penyakit degeneratif. Melewatkan sarapan adalah kebiasaan yang berkontribusi terhadap masalah gizi pada usia remaja. Selain itu, keragaman makanan yang dikonsumsi memainkan peran penting dalam menentukan status gizi remaja. Dukungan keluarga juga mempengaruhi sikap individu dalam mengelola berat badan; dukungan positif dari keluarga cenderung menumbuhkan sikap positif. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menguji hubungan antara kebiasaan sarapan, keragaman makanan, dan dukungan keluarga dengan kejadian kegemukan pada remaja. Penelitian ini menggunakan desain observasional analitik dengan pendekatan cross-sectional dan dilakukan pada bulan April hingga Mei 2024. Sampel penelitian terdiri dari 110 remaja berusia 16-18 tahun di Kota Yogyakarta. Pengukuran antropometri dilakukan dengan menggunakan timbangan digital dan stadiometer. Dukungan keluarga dinilai melalui kuesioner yang telah divalidasi, dan asupan makanan dikumpulkan dengan menggunakan formulir recall 24 jam. Hasil uji chi-square menunjukkan adanya hubungan yang signifikan antara kebiasaan sarapan (p<0,05) dan keragaman makanan (p<0,05) dengan kejadian kegemukan. Namun, tidak ada hubungan yang signifikan yang ditemukan antara dukungan keluarga dengan kejadian kelebihan berat badan (p>0,05). Temuan ini menunjukkan bahwa kebiasaan sarapan dan keragaman makanan secara signifikan mempengaruhi kejadian kelebihan berat badan di kalangan remaja, sedangkan dukungan keluarga tidak. Penelitian di masa depan harus mempertimbangkan pengaruh kelompok teman sebaya dan media sosial untuk memberikan pemahaman yang lebih komprehensif tentang faktor-faktor yang berkontribusi.
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References
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